My answer to your question:

The question then becomes: how do central banks and governments ensure that any new money is equitably distributed across the economy?

Would be, you can't ensure or even expect central banks and governments to equitably distribute new money across the economy. Central banks can only prop up investments they can't give money to individuals who don't have such investments and in the U.S. at least the government purse is controlled by congress. The piddling amount of money congress has given to individuals does in no way bring a balance anywhere near equitable. The rich get richer and at best to poor get richer more slowly.

TEK